Right Horner syndrome caused by cervical carotid artery dissection

Pharmacological treatment of epilepsy in adolescents and adults

Antiepileptic (or preferably antiseizure) drug treatment is the mainstay of the management of epilepsies and is generally recommended after 2 or more unprovoked seizures. The aim of antiepileptic drug treatment is to achieve seizure freedom without adverse drug reactions. Selection of antiepileptic drugs should be individualized based on the seizure type or epilepsy syndrome, potential adverse effects, and drug-to-drug interactions.