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Advanced retinitis pigmentosa with significant pigmentary deposition

This photo illustrates significant deposition of liberated pigment. The degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium liberates pigment, which aligns itself on the retinal vessels giving rise to a “bone spicule” appearance. This individual has advanced retinitis pigmentosa as evidenced by the visual field loss. (Contributed by Dr. James Walters.)

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Associated Disorders

  • Bassen-Kornzweig disease
  • Cushing syndrome
  • Kearns-Sayre syndrome
  • Lawrence-Moon-Biedl syndrome
  • Mitochondrial encephalopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS)
  • Ocular paraneoplastic syndromes
  • Refsum disease
  • Usher syndrome
  • gastroesophageal reflux disease
  • posterior vitreous detachment
  • retinal detachment
  • systemic arterial hypertension
  • systemic lupus erythematosus