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Evidence-based medicine measures calculated from published trials of interferon beta in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis

Risk ratio (RR), absolute risk reduction (ARR) of adverse outcomes (relapse, progression, or MRI activity), and numbers needed to treat (NNT) to prevent the adverse outcomes have been calculated for the multicenter, randomized controlled trials (references indicated between parentheses in the table first row) according to the intention-to-treat analysis principles (patients lost to follow-up or who stopped treatment taken as adverse outcomes, if not differently reported) on 2-year results except when indicated. (Contributed by Dr. Luca Durelli.)