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Hypertensive encephalopathy: thalami involvement (MRI)

Images from a patient with known stage III chronic kidney disease who presented with encephalopathy and headache. On arrival to the hospital, her systolic blood pressure was noted to be greater than 200. Initial MRI (A) demonstrated bilateral T2 changes in the thalami with no evidence of diffusion restriction. (B) Blood pressure was controlled and she clinically improved. Follow-up MRI 5 days later demonstrated complete resolution of the thalamic changes. (Contributed by Dr. Catherine Albin.)

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  • Acute left ventricular failure
  • Anton syndrome (Cortical blindness)
  • Arteriovenous malformations of the brain
  • Cushing disease
  • Drug-induced cerebrovascular disease
  • Eclampsia (Seizures associated with eclampsia)
  • Focal clonic seizures
  • Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage
  • Illicit drug use: neurologic complications
  • Ischemic stroke
  • Lacunar hemorrhage (White matter abnormalities in the brain)
  • Lacunar infarction
  • Malignant hypertension
  • Myocardial ischemia
  • PCA infarction
  • Papilledema
  • Pheochromocytoma
  • Posterior cerebral artery infarction
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Renal failure: neurologic complications
  • Vascular cognitive impairment