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Dr. John Langdon Down

In 1866, Dr. John Langdon Down provided the first comprehensive description of what is now known as Down syndrome. (Contributed by Dr. George Capone.)

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Associated Disorders

  • ADHD
  • Alzheimer disease
  • Antithyroid antibodies
  • Anxiety
  • Aortic regurgitation
  • Articulation disorder
  • Atlantoaxial subluxation
  • Atrioventricular canal
  • Auditory impairment
  • Autism spectrum disorder
  • C1-C2 instability
  • C1-C2 subluxation
  • Celiac disease
  • Cervical spondylosis
  • Chronic otitis media
  • Cognitive impairment
  • Congenital gastrointestinal anomaly
  • Congenital heart disease
  • Dementia
  • Depression
  • Duodenal atresia
  • Duodenal stenosis
  • Gross motor delays
  • Growth retardation
  • Hepatitis B carrier
  • Hirschsprung disease
  • Hyperthyroid
  • Hyporeflexia
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Hypotonia
  • Imperforate anus
  • Infantile spasms
  • Intellectual disability
  • Leukemia
  • Ligamentous laxity
  • Mental retardation
  • Mitral valve prolapse
  • Neuromotor dysfunction
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder
  • Obstructive sleep apnea
  • Osteoporosis
  • Presbycusis
  • Pyloric stenosis
  • Senile cataracts
  • Sleep disorders associated with encephalopathy and mental retardation
  • Transient myeloproliferative disorder
  • Tricuspid valve prolapse
  • Vertebral anomaly