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How hypoxia induces HAPE with points of attack using supplemental oxygen and auto-PEEP

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Pulmonary edema aggravates hypoxia due to enlarged alveolar-capillary diffusion distance. Legend: down arrow, leads to; circled minus sign, reduces; circled plus sign, increases. (Source: Tannheimer M, Lechner R. Initial treatment of high-altitude pulmonary edema: comparison of oxygen and auto-PEEP. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022;19[23]:16185. West JB, Mathieu-Costello O. High altitude pulmonary edema is caused by stress failure of pulmonary capillaries. Int J Sports Med 1992;13 Suppl 1:S54-8. Considering: Luks A, Ainslie PN, Lawley JS, Roach RC, Simonson TS, editors. Ward, Milledge & West’s High Altitude Medicine and Physiology. 6th ed. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 2021. Creative Commons Attribution [CC BY 4.0] license, creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.)