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Localized “beefy red” patches on the underside of the tongue in a patient with vitamin B12 deficiency

(Source:Xu X, Liu Y, Xiong X, et al. Diagnostic value of oral "beefy red" patch combined with fingertip blood mean corpuscular volume in vitamin B12 deficiency. BMC Oral Health 2022;22[1]:273. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.)

Associated Disorders

  • Alcohol-tobacco amblyopia
  • Cerebral vascular disease
  • Dementia
  • Depression
  • Developmental delay
  • Folate deficiency
  • Gastric resection
  • Glossitis
  • Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome
  • Malabsorption
  • Megaloblastic anemia
  • Myelopathy
  • Optic neuropathy
  • Pernicious anemia
  • Polyneuropathy
  • Regional enteritis
  • Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord